The Case of Ruth López, El Salvador’s Foreign Agents Law, and Cristosal’s suspension of operations in El Salvador

Who is Ruth López?

Ruth López is Cristosal’s Chief Legal Officer for the Anti-Corruption Unit. A lawyer, professor, mother, and long-time advocate for truth and justice; Ruth is one of El Salvador’s most respected human rights defenders. She has played a key role in exposing corruption and defending the rule of law during El Salvador’s ongoing political crisis.
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What happened?

On May 18, 2025, police broke into Ruth’s home late at night without a warrant and detained her. She was held incommunicado for more than 30 hours, with no access to her lawyer or family. Nearly three months later, she remains in prison without trial. Authorities have changed the charges twice, first accusing her of embezzlement, then of illicit enrichment, without providing new evidence. Her detention has been marked by secrecy, denied due process, and disregard for her health needs. Ruth has since been recognized by Amnesty International as a Prisoner of Conscience, and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) has ordered El Salvador to end her isolation and justify her detention.

The foreign agents law

Two days after Ruth’s arrest, the Salvadoran government passed the Foreign Agents Law. The law gives the president and his allies broad power to control or shut down NGOs that receive international funding. Modeled after similar laws used by authoritarian regimes, it threatens the work of independent human rights organizations like Cristosal. Together, Ruth’s detention and the Foreign Agents Law are part of a wider crackdown on civil society, aimed at silencing dissent and dismantling democratic institutions.
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Why it matters

Ruth’s case is not an isolated incident; it reflects a wider human rights crisis in El Salvador. Under the government’s ongoing state of exception, more than 85,000 people have been detained, many without formal charges or access to legal counsel.

Her imprisonment marks a turning point in the government’s repression of those who defend justice, expose corruption, and demand accountability. Ruth’s story has become a symbol of political persecution under President Nayib Bukele’s administration, showing how lawyers, journalists, and activists are being criminalized simply for speaking the truth.

On July 17, 2025, Cristosal made the painful but necessary decision to suspend its operations in El Salvador. This was not a retreat from our mission but a step to protect our staff and the people we serve in the face of escalating repression, the collapse of judicial independence, and direct threats to our safety.

Even amid this forced relocation, Cristosal remains steadfast in its mission, now operating from Guatemala and Honduras to continue defending victims, protecting civic space, and standing with those who refuse to be silenced.

Today, Ruth remains cut off from her family and legal team, her health and safety uncertain. Her detention stands as a stark reminder of the urgent need to protect human rights defenders and to restore judicial independence in El Salvador.

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